Wednesday, 14th April,2021
LESSON VII/VIII (57.,58.)
PASSIVE VOICE rewiew
Hello and welcome back. 😉
This lesson deals with passive voice – present perfect simple and past perfest simple tense.
I am sending a couple of explanations and exercises to be completed and sent to our group.
Present perfect simple passive FORM : has/have been + the past participle
We use the present perfect in the passive form for all the same reasons we use it in the active form – to talk about recent actions, experiences, and ongoing actions/situations.
E.g.
Something has been done by someone at sometime up to now.
Active : They have cleaned the clinic.
Passive: The clinic has been cleaned by them.
Active : Thomas has written many books.
Passive: Many books have been written by Thomas.
Active : Have the police caught the man?
Passive: Has the man been caught by the police?
Active : UPS has delivered the letters.
Passive: The letters have been delivered by UPS.
Quick Exercise
Put the following sentences into passive voice. (present perfect passive)
1. Has the surgeon performed the operation?
2. Has Lionel signed the contract?
3. Our salesmen have sold all the carpets.
4. The zookeepers have captured the lion in the forest.
5. Dr. Phillips have treated all the patients.
6. Have the customers paid you?
7. Everybody has approved Joana’s suggestion.
Past perfect passive voice
The past perfect tense in the passive voice is formed by putting had been before the past participle form of the verb.
USE: Something had been done by someone before sometime in the past.
Active : The brave men had defended the city.
Passive: The city had been defended by the brave men.
Active : The little girl had broken the window.
Passive: The window had been broken by the little girl.
Active : Had Dorothy solved the problems?
Passive: Had the problems been solved by Dorothy.
Active : Those prisoners had robbed five banks.
Passive: Five banks had been robbed by those prisoners.
Quick Exercise
Put the following sentences into passive voice. (past perfect passive)
1. Dr. Richard had saved Silvia’s life.
2. The Americans had discovered another planet.
3. Hospital staff hadn’t accepted the injured man.
4. Jerry had received the check just in time.
5. Jim had received an anonymous gift.
6. Who had designed the plan of that villa?
7. Firefighters had put out the fire successfully.
Send the sntences into the group.
Thanks and take care. ❤
Wednesday, 7th April, 2021
LESSON V/VI (55.,56.)
LISTENING AND WRITING PRACTICE
Hello again. 🙂
This time I am sending you a link of the film you need to watch and to answer the questions in your notebook. All of the questions /answers should be sent into our group.
The film is one of the most popular films ever, and I hope you will enjoy watching it.
P.S. It is an old one, so be patient. 🙂
These are the questions:
- When the film begins, what is the mood?
- How is this achieved?
- How is Paris constructed?
- Which words would you use to describe Laszlo?
- What would you have done in that position if you were Rick or Ilsa?
- Does Renault’s character help you to understand the complexities of relationships between the various power bases during the Second World War?
- On what date does Major Strasser arrive in Casablanca?
- What did Rick have that everybody wanted?
- How old is Rick Blaine?
- What type of street performer is featured in an opening city scene?
Thank you and take care. ❤
Wednesday, 231st March, 2021
LESSON III/IV (53.,54.)
–Modals of deduction (past)
–THIRD CONDITIONAL
Welcome back. 🙂
We are going to learn something about modal verbs today as well as the third type of the conditional sentences, and I am sending a couple of explanations and links to understand it better. 🙂
When we use a modal verb to talk about a situation where we are not expressing a fact but we are using deduction, the form is MODAL + have + past participle
We can use modal verbs to talk about how sure or unsure we are about something in the past just as we use modals in the present with a slight change in the form.
He must be really happy about his promotion. (present deduction)
He must have been very happy when he was told about his promotion. (past deduction)
Must have + past participle
We use ‘must have + past participle’ when we are quite sure about something.
1. You must have been very pleased when you received the results of your exams.
2. He must have forgotten his phone at home again. He’s not answering.
3. I must have left my keys in the car. I can’t find them.
Might have/may have/could have + past participle
We use ‘might have/may have/could have + past participle’ when we are not sure about something but we think it was possible.
1. He was supposed to be here an hour ago but he could have been stuck in a traffic jam.
2. He may have said he was coming but I can’t really remember. I wasn’t listening.
3. I might have been here when I was a child but I can’t really remember.
Can’t have + past participle
We use ‘can’t have + past participle’ for things that we are sure did not happen in the past.
1. I can’t have left my phone at work. You phoned me when I was walking to my car. That’s it. It must be in the car.
2. You can’t have seen him this morning. He was with me all the time.
3. She can’t have liked the show. She hates musicals.
Here are some links for practicing modals.
https://pdf4pro.com/fullscreen/past-modal-verbs-of-deduction-exercise-17598a.html
For you to complete and send into the group for English:
Fill in the blanks using MUST, MUSTN’T, DON’T HAVE TO, SHOULD, SHOULDN’T, MIGHT, CAN, CAN’T!
1.Rose and Ted _________________ be good players. They have won hundreds of cups !
2.You _________________ pay to use the library. It’s free.
3.I’m not sure where my wife is at the moment.She _________________ be at her dance .
4.Jerry _________________ be working today. He never works on Sundays.
5.You _________________ be 18 to see that film.
6.You _________________ hear this story. It’s very funny.
7.Dad _________________ go and see a doctor. His cough is getting worse all the time.
8.You don’t have to shout. I _________________ hear you very well.
9.It _________________ be him. I saw him a week ago,and he didn’t look like that.
10.You look pretty tired. I think you _________________ go to bed early tonight.
Once you’ve studied and feel confident about using the first and second conditionals, you’re ready to study the third and last one. Being able to use the third conditional will really make you sound like a native speaker. So read on to find out when to use it and how.
When do we use the third conditional?
The third conditional is used to express the past consequence of an unrealistic action or situation in the past.
For example,
- If he had studied harder, he would have passed the exam.
The first action (studying hard) did not happen. But in the case that he happened, the consequence was passing the exam. The third conditional is very similar to the second conditional. But while the second conditional refers to something unrealistic now or in the future, the third conditional refers to something unrealistic in the past.
We often use the third conditional to express regrets – describing things we are sorry happened or didn’t happen. For example,
- If my alarm had gone off, I wouldn’t have been late to work.
- If there hadn’t been so much traffic we wouldn’t have missed our flight.
How do we create the third conditional?
To make a sentence in the third conditional, we use,
If + past perfect, would/wouldn’t have + past participle.
- If you had told me about the meeting, I would have come.
- If you had told me about the meeting, I wouldn’t have missed it.
As with all conditionals, you can also invert this structure:
Would have + past participle if + past perfect.
- I’d have come to the meeting if you’d told me about it.
- I wouldn’t have missed the meeting if you’d told me about it.
The word would is often contracted to ‘d by native speakers. It’s also acceptable to use this in informal writing. And in speech it’s common to contract have to ‘ve in the third conditional. For example,
- I’d’ve come to the meeting if you’d told me.
However, we can’t write this, even in an informal context. It’s useful to be aware of it though, so you can identify it when native speakers say it.
As an alternative to would, we can complete the second part of a third conditional sentence with could. For example,
- If I’d stayed at university, I could have got a masters degree.
Here are some other examples of the third conditional:
- He’d have got the job if he hadn’t been so nervous in the interview.
- What would you have done if you’d been me?
- If it hadn’t been snowing heavily, we’d have carried on skiing.
- The company would have survived if there hadn’t been a recession.
- Would you have accepted the offer if we’d reduced the price?
- If you hadn’t invited me out, I’d have stayed in all day.
- She wouldn’t have given you a fine if you’d apologized.
- If they hadn’t won that match, the club would have fired the manager.
- They could have stayed here if they hadn’t found any accommodation.
You have no task about the third conditional, since we are going to continue with it next time.
That is all for this week.
Send the completed sentences by the end of the day.
Thanks and take care. :>
Wednesday, 24th March, 2021
LESSON I/ LESSON II ( 51.,52.)
Hello and welcome to online lesson, again . 🙂
Since we are not able,yet, to do the test 😦 I am sending you a couple of links where you will find exercises for the I and the II conditional.
Please, read the instructions carefully, write the full sentences with the answers into your notebook and send them to our viber group for English.
Thank you and take care. 😉
Second conditional
IF + PAST SIMPLE, WOULD + INFINITIVE
If I saw him, I would tell him. Kada bih ga vidjela, ja bih mu rekla.
If they knew the answer, they would tell us. Da znaju odgovor, rekli bi nam.
He could help us if he were here. On bi mogao da nam pomogne kada bi bio ovde.
If she didn’t talk in class, she would learn more. Kada ona ne bi pričala na času, naučila bi više.
And for more advanced learners, two more exercises:
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/conditional/second-conditional-write-1
https://agendaweb.org/exercises/verbs/conditional/second-conditional-write-2
That is all for today.
Finish exercises that are on the page 75 in your books.
Listening exercise “Mesa Verde”
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1v65OgIr_A_xj8ngfSA_fbkchlIlLndkE
JU SŠC "Milorad Vlačić", Vlasenica 